Fractal Analysis of the Optimal Hydraulic Gradient Surface in Water Distribution Networks

This study aimed to examine the fractal properties of optimal hydraulic gradient surface (OHGS), a geometrical body that describes way in which available energy should be spent within water distribution network ensure calculation minimum capital cost design. For this purpose, multiple benchmark and Colombian systems were optimized then analyzed compute dimension OHGS underlying structure each network, included examination randomly generated nonoptimal designs recognize differences behavior least-cost more expensive solution. The results showed dependency between those topological structure, flow, inside corresponding network. Moreover, it was found degree irregularity tended higher compared dissipation pattern. suggests applicability analysis optimization operational improvement procedures.Practical ApplicationsThe design refers process calculating appropriate pipe diameters fulfilment demands reduce required investment minimum, has been interest due its complexity importance for viability supply infrastructure projects. In study, inherent characteristics explored by involving analysis, novel technique used solve several problems management operation systems. show features minimum-cost considering pressure flow throughout system, exhibit certain can distinguish from alternatives. These findings lead recommendation use prospective planning applications, such as new strategies. Furthermore, may useful identifying proper so maximize reliability, quality, other desirable improve performance level service.